the noun

Introduction to nouns

Introduction to singular and plural nouns

Common and proper nouns

Concrete and abstract nouns

Irregular plural nouns: f to -ves
Irregular plural nouns: -en plurals

Irregular plural nouns: the base plural

Irregular plural nouns: mutant plurals

Irregular plural nouns: foreign plurals

origion of mutant pural

 Countable and uncountable 1

Countable and uncountable 2

Countable nouns with a/an and some

 A/an and the

 The 1

The 2 (school / the school etc.)

The 3 (children / the children)

 The 4 (the giraffe / the telephone / the piano etc. ; the + adjective)

Names with and without the 1

 Names with and without the 2

Singular and plural

Noun + noun (a tennis ball / a headache)

 No/none/any Nothing/nobody ect.

 Much, many, little, few, a lot, plenty

 Some and any

All / all of most / most of no / none of etc.

 Both / both of neither / neither of either / either of

 All, every and whole

Each and every

helping verb

Auxiliary (helping) verbs

Introduction to verbs

Intro to verb agreement

Introduction to verb tense

Linking verbs

Introduction to irregular verbs

the funky -ed irregular verbs

the vowel shift irregular verbs

the irregular verbs get taken for a ride

the truly irregular verbs

Simple Verb Aspect

Progressive verb aspect

Perfect verb aspect

Progressive perfect verb aspect

Managing time with tense and aspect

Present continuous (I am doing)

Present simple (I do)

 Present continuous and present simple 1 (I am doing and I do)

 Present continuous and present simple 2 (I am doing and I do)

Past simple (I did)

Past continuous (I was doing)

 Present perfect 1 (I have done)

 Present perfect 2 (I have done)

Present perfect continuous (I have been doing)

Present perfect continuous and simple (I have been doing and I have done)

 How long have you (been) …?

 For and Since When …? and How long …?

Present perfect and past 1 (I have done and I did)

 Present perfect and past 2 (I have done and I did)

Past perfect (I had done)

 Past perfect continuous (I had been doing)

Have and have got

Used to (do)

 Present tenses (I am doing / I do) for the future

 (I’m) going to (do)

Will/shall 1

Will/shall 2

 I will and I’m going to

 Will be doing and will have done

When I do / When I’ve done When and if

 Question 1

Question 2 (Do you know where …? / He asked me where …)

 Auxiliary verbs (have/do/can etc.) I think so / I hope so etc.

Question tags (do you? isn’t it? ect.)

Question tags (do you? isn’t it? ect.)

Phrasal verbs 1 (General points)

 Phrasal verbs 2 (in/out)

Phrasal verbs 3 (out)

Phrasal verbs 4 – on/off (1)

Phrasal verbs 5 – on/off (2)

Phrasal verbs 6 (up/down)

Phrasal verbs 7 – up (1)

Phrasal verbs 8 – up (2)

 Phrasal verbs 9 (away/back)

Appendix 1: Regular and irregular verbs

Appendix 2: Present and past tenses

Appendix 3: The future

Modal verbs

Can, could and (be) able to

Could (do) and could have (done)

 Must and can’t

May and might 1

 Have to and must

Must / mustn’t / needn’t

Should 1

 Had better / It’s time …

 Would

Can/Could/Would you … ? etc. (Requests, offers, permission and invitations)

Verb + -ing (enjoy doing / stop doing ect.)

Verb + to … (decide to … / forget to … etc.)

Verb (+ object) + to … (I want you to … ect.)

 Verb + -ing or to … 1 (remember/regret ect.)

Verb + -ing or to … 2 (try/need/help)

Verb + -ing or to … 3 (like / would like etc.)

Prefer and would rather

Preposition (in/for/about etc.) + -ing

Be/get used to something (I’m used to …)

 Verb + preposition + -ing (succeed in -ing / accuse somebody of -ing etc.)

Expressions + -ing

To … (afraid to do) and preposition + -ing (afraid of -ing)

 See somebody do and see somebody doing

What is a pronoun

Meet the personal pronoun

Possessive pronouns

Reflexive pronouns

Relative pronouns

that vs which

who vs whom

Subject and object pronouns

Grammatical person and pronouns

Pronoun number

Indefinite pronouns

Pronoun vagueness

Emphatic pronouns

-‘s (your sister’s name) and of … (the name of the book)

 Myself/yourself/themselves etc.

 A friend of mine / my own house / on my own / by myself

Modifiers, like adjectives and adverbs, describe nouns and verbs. Let’s get descriptive! If you understand modifiers, you can learn to express yourself elegantly.

Intro to articles

Choosing between definite and indefinite articles

how to use the articles

Intro to adjectives

Introduction to adverbs

Meet the adverb

Using adverbs and adjectives

Identifying relative adverbs

Adjective order

commas with adjectives

Comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs

forming Comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs

Intensifiers and adverbs of degree

: To …, for … and so that …

 Adjective + to …

Adjectives ending in -ing and -ed (boring/bored etc.)

 Adjectives – a nice new house, you look tired

 Adjectives – a nice new house, you look tired

Adjectives and adverbs 1 (quick/quickly)

Adjectives and adverbs 2 (well/fast/late, hard/hardly)

 So and such

 Enough and too

Quite, pretty, rather and fairly

Comparison 1 (cheaper, more expensive etc.)

 Comparison 2 (much better / any better / better and better / the sooner the better)

 Comparison 3 (as … as / than)

 Superlatives (the longest / the most enjoyable etc.)

 Word order 1 – verb + object; place and time

 Word order 2 – adverbs with the verb

Prepositions (in, out, before, after, with, without, just to name a few) help establish relationships in time, space, and among people and things. Conjunctions unite words; they attach phrases and clauses to one another. They’re super useful! Learn more about these two parts of speech here.

Meet the preposition

Prepositions about time

Prepositions about space

Prepositions of neither time nor space time and space

Common prepositions

Compound prepositions

Prepositional phrases

Meet the conjunction

Coordinating conjunctions

Coordinating and subordinating conjunctions

Correlative conjunctions

beginning sentences with conjunctions

Even

 Although / though / even though – In spite of / despite

In case

 Unless – As long as – Provided/providing

As (As I walked along the street … / As I was hungry …)

 Like and as

 Like / as if / as though

 For, during and while

 By and until / By the time …

 At/on/in (time)

 On time and in time / At the end and in the end

 In/at/on (position) 1

 In/at/on (position) 2

In/at/on (position) 3

To/at/in/into

 In/on/at (other uses)

By

 Noun + preposition (reason for, cause of etc.)

 Adjective + preposition 1

 Adjective + preposition 2

 Verb + preposition 1 (to and at)

 Verb + preposition 2 (about/for/of/after)

Verb + preposition 3 (about and of)

 Verb + preposition 4 (of/for/from/on)

 Verb + preposition 5 (in/into/with/to/on)

Syntax involves arranging words to create logical phrases, clauses, and sentences. This is a big topic, so we’ll be covering a lot, including: dependent and independent clauses; simple, complex, compound, and compound-complex sentences; and phrases and clauses.

What is a sentence?

Three types of sentence

exclamations

Declarative, interrogative, and imperative sentences

Simple and compound sentences

Rearranging simple and compound sentences

Complex and compound-complex sentences

Identifying subject and predicate

Identifying subject, direct object, and indirect object

Singular They _ The parts of speech

Introduction To Phrases And Clauses

Dependent and independent clauses

Phrase and clause placement

Syntax involves arranging words to create logical phrases, clauses, and sentences. This is a big topic, so we’ll be covering a lot, including: subject-verb agreement, fragments, run-ons, and parallel structure.

Subject-verb agreement

Pronoun-antecedent agreement

Recognizing fragments

Recognizing run-ons and comma splices

Dangling modifiers

Parallel structure

: If I do … and If I did …

 If I knew… I wish I knew …

 If I had known … I wish I had known …

 Wish

: Passive 1 (is done / was done)

 Passive 2 (be done / been done / being done)

 Passive 3

 It is said that … He is said to … He is supposed to …

 Have something done

have sb do sth

make sb do sthget sb to do sth

have sth done

make sth done

get sth done

 Reported speed 1 (He said that …)

 Reported speed 2