the noun
Introduction to singular and plural nouns
Irregular plural nouns: f to -ves
Irregular plural nouns: -en plurals
Irregular plural nouns: the base plural
Irregular plural nouns: mutant plurals
Irregular plural nouns: foreign plurals
origion of mutant pural
Countable and uncountable 1
Countable and uncountable 2
Countable nouns with a/an and some
The 1
The 2 (school / the school etc.)
The 3 (children / the children)
The 4 (the giraffe / the telephone / the piano etc. ; the + adjective)
Names with and without the 1
Names with and without the 2
Singular and plural
Noun + noun (a tennis ball / a headache)
No/none/any Nothing/nobody ect.
Much, many, little, few, a lot, plenty
Some and any
All / all of most / most of no / none of etc.
Both / both of neither / neither of either / either of
All, every and whole
Each and every
Introduction to irregular verbs
the vowel shift irregular verbs
the irregular verbs get taken for a ride
Progressive perfect verb aspect
Managing time with tense and aspect
Present continuous (I am doing)
Present simple (I do)
Present continuous and present simple 1 (I am doing and I do)
Present continuous and present simple 2 (I am doing and I do)
Past simple (I did)
Past continuous (I was doing)
Present perfect 1 (I have done)
Present perfect 2 (I have done)
Present perfect continuous (I have been doing)
Present perfect continuous and simple (I have been doing and I have done)
How long have you (been) …?
For and Since When …? and How long …?
Present perfect and past 1 (I have done and I did)
Present perfect and past 2 (I have done and I did)
Past perfect (I had done)
Past perfect continuous (I had been doing)
Have and have got
Used to (do)
Present tenses (I am doing / I do) for the future
(I’m) going to (do)
Will/shall 1
Will/shall 2
I will and I’m going to
Will be doing and will have done
When I do / When I’ve done When and if
Question 1
Question 2 (Do you know where …? / He asked me where …)
Auxiliary verbs (have/do/can etc.) I think so / I hope so etc.
Question tags (do you? isn’t it? ect.)
Question tags (do you? isn’t it? ect.)
Phrasal verbs 1 (General points)
Phrasal verbs 2 (in/out)
Phrasal verbs 3 (out)
Phrasal verbs 4 – on/off (1)
Phrasal verbs 5 – on/off (2)
Phrasal verbs 6 (up/down)
Phrasal verbs 7 – up (1)
Phrasal verbs 8 – up (2)
Phrasal verbs 9 (away/back)
Appendix 1: Regular and irregular verbs
Appendix 2: Present and past tenses
Appendix 3: The future
Modal verbs
Can, could and (be) able to
Could (do) and could have (done)
Must and can’t
May and might 1
Have to and must
Must / mustn’t / needn’t
Should 1
Had better / It’s time …
Would
Can/Could/Would you … ? etc. (Requests, offers, permission and invitations)
Verb + -ing (enjoy doing / stop doing ect.)
Verb + to … (decide to … / forget to … etc.)
Verb (+ object) + to … (I want you to … ect.)
Verb + -ing or to … 1 (remember/regret ect.)
Verb + -ing or to … 2 (try/need/help)
Verb + -ing or to … 3 (like / would like etc.)
Prefer and would rather
Preposition (in/for/about etc.) + -ing
Be/get used to something (I’m used to …)
Verb + preposition + -ing (succeed in -ing / accuse somebody of -ing etc.)
Expressions + -ing
To … (afraid to do) and preposition + -ing (afraid of -ing)
See somebody do and see somebody doing
What is a pronoun
Meet the personal pronoun
Possessive pronouns
Reflexive pronouns
Relative pronouns
that vs which
who vs whom
Subject and object pronouns
Grammatical person and pronouns
Pronoun number
Indefinite pronouns
Pronoun vagueness
Emphatic pronouns
-‘s (your sister’s name) and of … (the name of the book)
Myself/yourself/themselves etc.
A friend of mine / my own house / on my own / by myself
Modifiers, like adjectives and adverbs, describe nouns and verbs. Let’s get descriptive! If you understand modifiers, you can learn to express yourself elegantly.
Intro to articles
Choosing between definite and indefinite articles
Intro to adjectives
Introduction to adverbs
Meet the adverb
Using adverbs and adjectives
Identifying relative adverbs
Adjective order
commas with adjectives
Comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs
forming Comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs
Intensifiers and adverbs of degree
: To …, for … and so that …
Adjective + to …
Adjectives ending in -ing and -ed (boring/bored etc.)
Adjectives – a nice new house, you look tired
Adjectives – a nice new house, you look tired
Adjectives and adverbs 1 (quick/quickly)
Adjectives and adverbs 2 (well/fast/late, hard/hardly)
So and such
Enough and too
Quite, pretty, rather and fairly
Comparison 1 (cheaper, more expensive etc.)
Comparison 2 (much better / any better / better and better / the sooner the better)
Comparison 3 (as … as / than)
Superlatives (the longest / the most enjoyable etc.)
Word order 1 – verb + object; place and time
Word order 2 – adverbs with the verb
Prepositions (in, out, before, after, with, without, just to name a few) help establish relationships in time, space, and among people and things. Conjunctions unite words; they attach phrases and clauses to one another. They’re super useful! Learn more about these two parts of speech here.
Meet the preposition
Prepositions about time
Prepositions about space
Prepositions of neither time nor space time and space
Common prepositions
Compound prepositions
Prepositional phrases
Meet the conjunction
Coordinating conjunctions
Coordinating and subordinating conjunctions
Correlative conjunctions
beginning sentences with conjunctions
Even
Although / though / even though – In spite of / despite
In case
Unless – As long as – Provided/providing
As (As I walked along the street … / As I was hungry …)
Like and as
Like / as if / as though
For, during and while
By and until / By the time …
At/on/in (time)
On time and in time / At the end and in the end
In/at/on (position) 1
In/at/on (position) 2
In/at/on (position) 3
To/at/in/into
In/on/at (other uses)
By
Noun + preposition (reason for, cause of etc.)
Adjective + preposition 1
Adjective + preposition 2
Verb + preposition 1 (to and at)
Verb + preposition 2 (about/for/of/after)
Verb + preposition 3 (about and of)
Verb + preposition 4 (of/for/from/on)
Verb + preposition 5 (in/into/with/to/on)
Syntax involves arranging words to create logical phrases, clauses, and sentences. This is a big topic, so we’ll be covering a lot, including: dependent and independent clauses; simple, complex, compound, and compound-complex sentences; and phrases and clauses.
What is a sentence?
Three types of sentence
exclamations
Declarative, interrogative, and imperative sentences
Simple and compound sentences
Rearranging simple and compound sentences
Complex and compound-complex sentences
Identifying subject and predicate
Identifying subject, direct object, and indirect object
Singular They _ The parts of speech
Introduction To Phrases And Clauses
Dependent and independent clauses
Phrase and clause placement
Relative clauses
: -ing clauses (Feeling tired, I went to bed early.)
There … and it …
Relative clauses 1 – clauses with who/that/which
Relative clauses 2 – clauses with and without who/that/which
Relative clauses 3 – whose/whom/where
Relative clauses 4 – extra information clauses (1)
Relative clauses 5 – extra information clauses (2)
-ing and -ed clauses (the woman talking to Tom, the boy injured in the accident)
Still, yet and already – Any more / any longer / no longer
Syntax involves arranging words to create logical phrases, clauses, and sentences. This is a big topic, so we’ll be covering a lot, including: subject-verb agreement, fragments, run-ons, and parallel structure.
Subject-verb agreement
Pronoun-antecedent agreement
Recognizing fragments
Recognizing run-ons and comma splices
Dangling modifiers
Parallel structure
: If I do … and If I did …
If I knew… I wish I knew …
If I had known … I wish I had known …
Wish
: Passive 1 (is done / was done)
Passive 2 (be done / been done / being done)
Passive 3
It is said that … He is said to … He is supposed to …
Have something done
have sb do sth
make sb do sthget sb to do sth
have sth done
make sth done
get sth done
Reported speed 1 (He said that …)
Reported speed 2
Commas are the superheroes of punctuation! They can perform many different functions. Apostrophes are most often used to stand in for missing letters or to show possession. In the rarest of cases, they can be used to form plurals. Let’s learn more!
Three ways to end a sentence
Meet the comma
Punctuating lists
Salutations, valedictions, dates, and addresses
Commas and introductory elements
Commas in space and time
Salutations, valedictions, dates, and addresses
Commas and introductory elements
Commas in dialogue, tag questions, direct address, and yes-or-no responses
Appositives
Meet the apostrophe
Introduction to contractions
Apostrophes and plurals
Introduction to the possessive
Advanced (plural) possession
Choosing between its and it’s
history of apostrophe
history of possessive apostrophe
Colons and semicolons are two valuable pieces of punctuation that separate sentence elements from each other. Learn more about how to use them here!
Introduction to colons
Linking function of the colon
The colon as a separat
Introduction to semicolonsor
Using semicolons and commas
Using colons and semicolons
Italics, underlines, and quotes
Using quotation marks in titles
Introduction to the parenthesis
Introduction to the dash
Dashes and hyphens
Introduction to the ellipsis
Run-ons and comma splices
phonoteics
ryme
intonation
American accent training
British accent training
slang
street talk
bleep
dirty english
taboo english
common errors
common mistakes
n English that aren’t exactly about grammar, but about STYLE. Harness the power of the sound of language; untangle frequently-confused words and expressions; and learn about why you probably shouldn’t wear a tuxedo to a beach party.
Frequently confused words: affect/effect
Frequently confused words: here-hear
Frequently confused words: there-their-they’re
Frequently confused words: too-to-two
Frequently confused words: assorted
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About IELTS
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